Guidance for Parents on Managing Teenage Acne: Insights from Dr. Bernard Ho
Navigating the teenage years can be challenging, especially with the onset of puberty and academic pressures. Among these challenges, acne stands out as a significant concern for many adolescents.
Dr. Bernard Ho, a consultant dermatologist affiliated with Bioderma, provides insights for parents on the causes of teenage acne and potential treatment options.
“During puberty, hormonal changes stimulate the sebaceous glands, which produce sebum, an oil that protects the skin from infections,” Dr. Ho explains.
However, excessive sebum production, combined with skin debris, can lead to clogged pores. “This creates an environment for the bacteria known as C. acne to thrive, resulting in inflammation and the formation of acne lesions. While some face washes contain antimicrobial properties to address this bacterial growth, it’s important to note that acne is fundamentally an inflammatory condition rather than an infection,” he adds.
The most common type of acne is comedonal acne, characterized by blackheads and whiteheads. In contrast, nodulocystic acne is a more severe variant that produces deep papules, cysts, or nodules beneath the skin. “In some cases, antibiotics may be necessary to reduce inflammation or treat co-existing infections,” Dr. Ho notes.
“Additionally, we sometimes prescribe isotretinoin, a vitamin A derivative that targets the underlying causes of acne,” he states.
Dr. Ho highlights that acne can present differently in males and females. “In female patients, we often observe a cyclical pattern of acne in relation to fluctuations in progesterone and estrogen levels. Conversely, in males, the condition is typically driven by testosterone,” he explains.
“Males are also more likely to experience truncal acne, which affects the chest, back, and shoulders. This can be exacerbated by gym-related activities, leading to folliculitis and irritation in areas that are not adequately cleansed,” he adds.
If both parents had acne during their adolescence, their child may be predisposed to similar issues. While poor diet is often associated with acne, the scientific backing for this connection remains weak.
Many teenagers face significant stress as they navigate physical changes, transition to secondary education, and prepare for state exams. “Stress can influence how acne manifests, and it’s essential to remain aware of this factor,” Dr. Ho advises.
Common Mistakes
Teens often resort to makeup to conceal acne, but it is crucial to choose products that are compatible with their skin type, according to Dr. Ho. “Certain makeup products can exacerbate acne if they are comedogenic, meaning they clog pores. It’s advisable to check product labels for non-comedogenic options,” he recommends.
Many adolescents mistakenly believe that acne results from dirty skin, leading them to over-wash or use abrasive scrubs. Dr. Ho warns that this is counterproductive, as it can strip the skin of essential oils and lead to increased sebum production.
“Additionally, picking at the skin or squeezing spots can heighten the risk of scarring and infection, so it’s best to avoid these behaviors,” he advises.
Recommended Skincare Routine
Dr. Ho suggests that a straightforward skincare routine is more likely to be adhered to by teenagers. “I recommend using Bioderma’s Sébium Foaming Gel Active, which can function as both a face and body wash. The Sébium Kerato+ Gel Cream serves as an effective spot treatment, suitable for the entire face, as it contains salicylic acid and is not overly drying,” he explains.
He emphasizes the importance of sunscreen for everyone, regardless of location. “For those with oily skin, Bioderma’s Photoderm AKN Mat is a good choice, although it is available only in SPF 30. For optimal protection, the Bioderma Photoderm X-Defense Ultra Fluid is also recommended,” he adds.
When should a teenager consult a dermatologist? “If they notice an increase in bumps, red spots, or nodulocystic acne that leads to dents and scars upon healing, a dermatologist can provide assistance. There are medications available that can help reduce inflammation,” Dr. Ho advises.
“If acne is impacting their mood or leading to social withdrawal from school and friends, it is also worthwhile to seek professional advice from a dermatologist,” he concludes.
- The BIODERMA Sébium range is available at Boots, Chemist Warehouse, pharmacies nationwide, and through e-retailers.
